Articles on kidney and urinary health: kidney function tests, stones, urinary infections and prostate symptoms, each explained with clear next steps and the signs that need prompt attention.
Tests for urethra diseases usually combine a urine sample, uroflowmetry (urinating into a machine that measures flow rate), an ultrasound of the bladder and…
A non-contrast CT scan is the most accurate way to find a stone or blockage in a ureter, while ultrasound is often the first…
A UTI is called complicated when something about the person or their urinary tract raises the risk that standard treatment will fail or the…
Hemodialysis filters blood through a machine, usually three times a week; peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen as a filter at home,…
Urinary biomarkers are laboratory tests on a urine sample that look for cancer-related cells, proteins or DNA changes. In bladder cancer surveillance they are…
A high post void residual, meaning urine left in the bladder after urinating, is usually confirmed with a repeat measurement before anything else, because…
Most people can shower with a nephrostomy tube once their care team says the skin site has settled, keeping the dressing covered with a…
Fabry disease is usually diagnosed with three complementary tests: a blood test measuring alpha-galactosidase A enzyme activity, genetic testing of the GLA gene to…
Most episodes of cystitis in women are mild bladder infections that settle within a few days, but you should see a doctor if symptoms…
Urethroplasty recovery time usually unfolds in stages: a hospital stay of about one to two nights, a urinary catheter for roughly one to three…
Some blood in the urine after TURP is expected. The procedure shaves away prostate tissue through the urethra, leaving a raw surface that heals…
A urological surgery plan typically sets out four things: the operation and its approach (open, keyhole, robotic or through the urethra), the type of…
For most bladder problems, cystoscopy is the test that lets a doctor look directly at the bladder lining, while CT and MRI show what…
A bladder infection (cystitis) stays in the lower urinary tract and usually causes burning, urgency and lower-belly discomfort without fever. A kidney infection (pyelonephritis)…
Robotic and laparoscopic kidney surgery are both keyhole techniques that use small incisions rather than one large cut. In laparoscopic surgery the surgeon holds…
A renal ultrasound uses sound waves to picture the kidneys and often the bladder. It can show kidney size and shape, fluid-filled cysts, many…
Fluid management is tracked with four linked measurements: daily body weight (a one-kilogram change usually reflects about one liter of fluid), urine output recorded…
Recovery after minimally invasive urology is usually measured in days to a few weeks, not months. Many scope procedures allow same-day discharge, catheters and…
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