Questions to Ask Your Electrophysiologist Before Starting Cardiac Arrhythmia Treatment

The referral letter uses a word most people have never said out loud: electrophysiologist. Underneath it sits a smaller worry. You had a racing heart at a wedding, or a smartwatch flagged an irregular rhythm at 3 a.m., and now you have twenty minutes with a specialist to decide something that feels enormous. Knowing the right questions to ask your electrophysiologist turns that twenty minutes from a lecture you half-remember into a conversation you actually shape.

Arrhythmia care is unusual among heart treatments because the choices genuinely branch. Two people with the same diagnosis can reasonably end up on different paths: one on a daily medicine, another scheduled for a catheter procedure, a third simply monitored. The evidence supports more than one route, which is exactly why your own priorities matter.

This guide walks through what the appointment involves, how the treatments work, who is usually offered which option, and the questions that experienced patients wish they had asked the first time.

Electrophysiologist vs cardiologist: what's the difference?

Think of the heart as a house with two systems: plumbing and wiring. A general cardiologist looks after the whole house, with particular attention to the plumbing, meaning the arteries, valves and pumping muscle. An electrophysiologist is a cardiologist who has completed additional years of training focused on the wiring: the electrical signals that tell the heart when to beat.

An arrhythmia is any heartbeat that is too fast, too slow or irregular because those signals misfire or take a wrong turn. Some are harmless. Others raise the risk of stroke, fainting or heart failure. Sorting one from the other is the electrophysiologist’s core skill, and it is why your cardiologist or family doctor sent you here rather than handling the problem alone.

The tools of the trade are distinctive. Electrophysiologists interpret rhythm recordings in fine detail, perform electrophysiology studies (mapping the heart’s electrical pathways from inside using thin wires), carry out catheter ablation (deliberately scarring a small patch of tissue that is misfiring), and implant pacemakers and defibrillators. They also prescribe and adjust rhythm medicines, so seeing one does not mean a procedure is already decided.

You will usually still have a general cardiologist or primary care clinician alongside. A useful early question is who owns which part of your care. Who adjusts blood pressure medicines? Who do you call about a new symptom? Who coordinates if you need surgery for something unrelated? Clear answers prevent the common frustration of being told “that’s the other doctor’s area” at the moment you most need help.

MedlinePlus offers a plain-language overview of arrhythmia types that pairs well with this appointment; the vocabulary you learn there is the vocabulary your specialist will use.

What to expect at your first electrophysiologist appointment

The first visit is mostly listening and looking, not treating. Expect the specialist to ask when episodes happen, how they start and stop, whether anything triggers them, and what you feel: fluttering, pounding, breathlessness, light-headedness, chest tightness or nothing at all. Bring whatever recordings you have. A smartwatch trace, a printout from an urgent care visit, or the report from a monitor your primary care clinician ordered can shorten the diagnostic path considerably.

A resting electrocardiogram (ECG, a few seconds of the heart’s electrical activity recorded through skin electrodes) is almost universal. Because many arrhythmias come and go, you may be asked to wear a portable monitor for a longer stretch so the team can catch an episode in the act. An echocardiogram (an ultrasound of the heart) checks whether the pump and valves are structurally normal, which strongly shapes treatment choices. Blood tests may look at thyroid function and electrolytes, both of which can unsettle rhythm.

Bring a complete list of everything you take, including over-the-counter decongestants, herbal products and sleep aids. Several common products contain stimulants that provoke fast rhythms, and your specialist cannot account for what they do not know about.

Two practical suggestions from people who have sat in that chair: bring someone with you, because a second set of ears catches what anxiety filters out, and ask at the end for the plan in one sentence. “So the next step is a two-week monitor, then we talk again” is a plan. Leaving with a vague sense that “tests are happening” is not.

Finally, ask how results will reach you and how long they typically take. Waiting is easier when the wait has a shape.

Questions to ask your electrophysiologist about the diagnosis itself

Treatment questions only make sense once the diagnosis is precise, and “arrhythmia” is a category, not a diagnosis. Start there.

Which rhythm exactly do I have? Atrial fibrillation (AFib, a chaotic rhythm in the upper chambers) behaves very differently from supraventricular tachycardia (SVT, a fast rhythm usually caused by a single short-circuit pathway), and both differ from ventricular arrhythmias arising in the lower chambers. If it is AFib, is it paroxysmal (comes and goes on its own), persistent (lasts beyond a week or needs intervention to stop) or long-standing? These labels steer which treatments are usually offered.

What is likely driving it? High blood pressure, sleep apnea, thyroid disease, alcohol, a leaky valve, prior heart attack scarring and simply age all feed different arrhythmias. Some drivers are treatable in their own right, and treating them can make the rhythm problem easier to control.

Is my heart structurally normal? A normal echocardiogram widens the range of safe medicine options; a weakened pump narrows it.

What is my stroke risk, and how did you calculate it? For AFib, clinicians commonly use a scoring system that adds points for age, sex, blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, vascular disease and prior stroke, as the NHS describes in its AFib treatment guidance. Knowing your score and what pushed it up makes the anticoagulation conversation concrete rather than abstract.

How urgent is this? Some arrhythmias justify treatment within days; many allow weeks of thinking time. Ask directly whether waiting to decide carries any risk, and what would change the answer.

One more: what would you want to know if this were your own heart? Most specialists answer that one honestly.

How cardiac arrhythmia treatment actually works

Every arrhythmia treatment aims at one or more of three targets: slow the heart down, restore a normal rhythm, or prevent the clots that an irregular rhythm can form. Understanding which target a given option serves clears up most confusion.

Rate control uses medicine classes such as beta blockers and certain calcium channel blockers to dampen how fast electrical signals pass to the lower chambers. The irregular rhythm may continue, but the heart no longer races, and many people feel dramatically better on that alone. Rhythm control tries to stop the abnormal rhythm altogether, either with antiarrhythmic medicines that alter how heart cells handle electrical charge, or with cardioversion, a brief controlled electrical shock delivered under sedation to reset the rhythm, as the NHS explains.

Catheter ablation takes a more physical approach. Thin, flexible tubes are threaded through a vein, usually in the groin, up into the heart. The specialist maps where the faulty signals originate, then uses heat (radiofrequency), extreme cold (cryoablation) or newer pulsed electrical fields to create small scars that block the misfiring pathway. Scar tissue does not conduct electricity, so the short circuit is interrupted. Mayo Clinic notes the procedure typically takes about three to six hours.

Devices handle the opposite problems. A pacemaker keeps a slow heart from dropping below a set rate; an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) watches for dangerous fast rhythms and delivers a corrective shock.

Clot prevention runs alongside all of this for people with AFib and elevated stroke risk. Anticoagulants (blood thinners) make clots less likely to form in the fibrillating upper chambers. They do not treat the rhythm; they treat its most serious consequence. That distinction matters later, when we discuss what ablation does and does not change.

Why doesn't everyone with AFib get an ablation, and who is usually asked to wait

This is the question patients ask most often online, and the honest answer is that ablation is a good tool for a specific job, not a universal fix.

Ablation is most often offered when symptoms are significant, when rhythm medicines have not worked or caused side effects, or when someone prefers to avoid long-term antiarrhythmic tablets. For SVT, where a single pathway causes the problem, ablation is frequently discussed early because the target is well defined, as the NHS SVT guidance describes. For paroxysmal AFib, current guidelines increasingly allow ablation as an early option in symptomatic patients. For long-standing persistent AFib, the electrical disorder is more diffuse, results are less predictable, and repeat procedures are more commonly needed.

People are commonly asked to wait, or steered elsewhere, when:

• Blood pressure, thyroid disease or sleep apnea is untreated, because those drivers can undo the procedure’s benefit.
• The upper chambers are markedly enlarged, which tends to lower the odds of a lasting result.
• AFib causes no symptoms and the rate is well controlled, so the trade-off between procedural risk and benefit shifts.
• Another health problem needs attention first, or clot-related risks make the procedure less safe right now.

Ablation also does not automatically end the need for anticoagulation. Stroke risk is calculated from underlying conditions, not from whether AFib is currently detectable, so many people continue blood thinners afterwards.

Ask your specialist: “Which of these categories am I in, and what would need to change for the recommendation to change?” That framing invites a real explanation rather than a yes or no.

Arrhythmia treatment options at a glance

Laying the choices side by side often reveals that the “big decision” is really several smaller ones. This table summarizes the main approaches in neutral terms; the right column suggests what to raise about each.

Option	What it aims to do	Typically considered when	Worth asking
Watchful monitoring	Track the rhythm without active treatment	Symptoms are mild and risk is low	What would trigger a change in plan?
Rate-control medicines	Slow the heart, not stop the rhythm	AFib with fast rates; many first-line plans	What side effects should I report?
Antiarrhythmic medicines	Restore or maintain normal rhythm	Symptomatic rhythm problems; before or instead of ablation	How will you monitor for effects on the heart?
Cardioversion	Reset the rhythm with a controlled shock	Persistent AFib; sometimes as a diagnostic test	Will I need anticoagulation before and after?
Catheter ablation	Scar the misfiring tissue	Medicines fail or are unwanted; SVT; symptomatic AFib	What is the likelihood of a repeat procedure?
Anticoagulation	Prevent stroke-causing clots	AFib with elevated stroke score	How long, and what bleeding signs matter?
Pacemaker or ICD	Correct slow or dangerous rhythms	Slow rhythms; high risk of dangerous fast rhythms	How often are device checks?

Two observations. First, several options are often combined: rate-control medicine plus anticoagulation is a complete plan for many people, not a holding pattern. Second, the American Heart Association’s arrhythmia resources stress that treatment intensity should match symptom burden and risk, not the drama of the diagnosis. A frightening word on a report does not by itself justify the most invasive option.

Use the table as a prompt: “Which rows apply to me, and why not the others?”

Questions to ask about arrhythmia medicines

Medicines are where most arrhythmia treatment begins, and where most avoidable problems arise, usually because the goal was never explained.

Start with purpose. “Is this tablet meant to slow my heart, stop the abnormal rhythm, or prevent clots?” Rate-control medicines usually change how you feel within days; antiarrhythmics are judged over a longer window; anticoagulants produce no sensation at all, which is why people stop them. Knowing what a medicine is supposed to do tells you what “working” looks like.

Move to monitoring. Some antiarrhythmics can themselves provoke rhythm problems or affect the thyroid, liver or lungs, so periodic ECGs and blood tests are standard, as the NHS treatment guidance notes. Ask which tests you will need, how often, and who arranges them.

Then interactions. Grapefruit, some antibiotics, antifungals and common heartburn or cold remedies can interfere with rhythm medicines or blood thinners. Ask what to check before taking anything new, and whether your pharmacist has the full list.

For anticoagulants specifically: what bleeding is expected (easy bruising, longer nosebleeds) versus what is alarming (black stools, blood in urine, a fall with a head knock)? What is the plan around dental work or surgery? How long is the medicine likely to continue, and what would change that?

Two questions people skip: “What should I do if I miss a dose?” and “What should I do if I run out while traveling?” The answers differ by medicine, and guessing is the wrong strategy. Get the instruction from the prescriber, in writing.

Never adjust or stop a rhythm medicine or blood thinner on your own, even if you feel fine. Some carry rebound risks when stopped abruptly. Feeling well is often the medicine working.

Questions to ask your electrophysiologist about ablation risks and alternatives

Consent conversations tend to list complications quickly. Slow them down. You are entitled to understand each risk in plain language and to hear how the team reduces it.

Mayo Clinic’s overview of cardiac ablation lists the main concerns: bleeding or infection where the catheters enter, damage to blood vessels, puncture of the heart wall or fluid around the heart, heart valve damage, blood clots leading to stroke, narrowing of the pulmonary veins (for AFib ablation), injury to the esophagus behind the heart, and, in some ablations near the heart’s central wiring, the need for a permanent pacemaker. Serious complications are uncommon; ask your specialist how uncommon in their practice and how each is detected.

Useful procedure questions:

• Which energy will you use (heat, cold or pulsed field), and why that choice for my arrhythmia?
• Will I be sedated or under general anesthesia, and who manages that?
• How likely is a second procedure for my type of rhythm, and how would we decide?
• What would make you stop the procedure partway through?
• Do you perform this procedure regularly, and is a full team available if a complication occurs?

Then alternatives, phrased directly: “If I choose not to have ablation, what happens?” For many arrhythmias the honest answer is continued medicine and monitoring, with the option to revisit. For some, the answer is a growing risk of symptoms or complications. Either way, you deserve to hear it.

Ask, too, what success means. For SVT it may mean the pathway is gone. For AFib it more often means fewer, shorter episodes and less medicine, not a guarantee of never again. Aligning expectations before the procedure prevents disappointment after it.

What not to do before a heart ablation

Pre-procedure instructions arrive as a leaflet, and leaflets get skimmed. These are the omissions that most often cause a procedure to be delayed or made riskier.

Do not change your medicines without instruction. Blood thinners are the classic example: some teams continue them straight through the procedure, others pause them briefly, and the right answer depends on the medicine, your stroke risk and the planned technique. Stopping on your own to “be safe” can raise stroke risk; taking a medicine you were told to hold can complicate bleeding. Follow the written plan exactly and phone if anything is unclear.

Do not eat or drink past the cutoff you are given. Sedation and general anesthesia carry a risk of stomach contents entering the lungs, so the fasting rule is a safety rule, not a formality. Clarify whether small sips of water with essential tablets are permitted.

Do not hide supplements, herbal products or recreational substances. Several affect bleeding or heart rhythm, and the anesthesia team needs the full picture.

Do not plan to drive yourself home or spend the first night alone. Sedation lingers, and the puncture site needs someone to keep an eye on it.

Do not schedule travel, heavy work or important events in the days immediately after. Mayo Clinic advises avoiding heavy lifting for about a week, and you will want slack in your calendar in case of a rescheduled date.

Do not arrive with unanswered questions. Write them down in the days before, when your head is clearer than it will be in a gown on the morning itself.

Finally, do not ignore a new illness. A cold, fever or urinary infection in the days before should be reported; it may be safer to postpone.

How long does it take for the heart to settle after ablation? The days and weeks that follow

Recovery has two clocks: the body’s, which is short, and the heart’s electrical system, which is longer.

The body’s clock runs in days. Mayo Clinic notes that many people go home the same day or after one night, and can return to normal activities within a few days, with heavy lifting avoided for about a week. Expect bruising and tenderness at the groin, mild chest soreness, and fatigue. A small firm lump under the puncture site is common and usually settles; an expanding, painful or pulsating swelling is not, and warrants a call.

The heart’s clock runs in months. Ablation works by creating scar, and scar matures slowly. Cleveland Clinic describes a healing window of roughly three months after AFib ablation during which the heart is irritable and may produce palpitations, extra beats or even episodes of the original rhythm. Clinicians call this the blanking period, and events within it do not necessarily mean the procedure has failed. Judgment about lasting benefit is usually deferred until it has passed.

What people notice, week by week, varies. Some feel steadier almost immediately. Others feel worse for a stretch, with more awareness of every beat. Both are within the range of normal. Antiarrhythmic medicines are often continued through the blanking period and reviewed afterwards; anticoagulation continues according to your stroke score, not according to how you feel.

Follow-up typically includes a clinic visit and some form of rhythm monitoring to see what the heart is doing when you are not aware of it. Ask when that monitoring happens and how you will hear about results.

One symptom does not belong in normal recovery: pain or difficulty swallowing, especially with fever, in the weeks after AFib ablation. It can signal injury to the esophagus and needs same-day medical attention.

Questions about triggers, other conditions and what you can change

The most durable arrhythmia treatment often is not a procedure at all. It is the unglamorous work on the conditions feeding the rhythm problem, and your electrophysiologist should be an ally in that work, not just a technician.

Sleep apnea comes first because it is so often missed. Repeated drops in oxygen overnight stress the heart and are strongly linked with AFib recurrence after treatment. If you snore heavily, wake unrefreshed or have been told you stop breathing in your sleep, ask whether a sleep study should happen before a procedure is booked.

Blood pressure is next. Sustained high pressure stretches the upper chambers, and stretched tissue conducts electricity badly. Ask what target the team wants and who is managing it.

Alcohol deserves a frank conversation. Even moderate intake is associated with more AFib episodes in people prone to it, according to the American Heart Association’s arrhythmia resources. Ask what the evidence suggests for your specific rhythm rather than assuming a general rule.

Caffeine is more nuanced than folklore suggests; for most people with AFib, ordinary coffee intake has not been shown to be a reliable trigger, though individuals vary. Stimulant decongestants, some weight-loss and energy products, and certain asthma medicines are more consistent culprits.

Weight, thyroid function, diabetes and exercise habits all interact with rhythm. The question to ask is not “what should I change?” in the abstract but “which of my risk factors matters most for my rhythm, and what is the evidence?” A specialist who answers with specifics, rather than a generic wellness lecture, is showing you how they think.

Ask also whether any of these changes could reduce how much medicine you need, or improve the odds of a lasting result if you do proceed to ablation.

What people often get wrong about electrophysiology treatment

Some misunderstandings surface in almost every clinic. Correcting them early saves distress later.

“Ablation is one and done.” For some arrhythmias, especially simple SVT pathways, a single procedure often is enough. For AFib, repeat procedures are common, and the NHS treatment guidance explicitly notes that the procedure may need to be repeated. Going in expecting a possible second round is realistic, not pessimistic.

“If I can’t feel it, it isn’t hurting me.” Stroke risk in AFib does not depend on symptoms. Silent AFib carries the same clot risk as symptomatic AFib, which is why anticoagulation decisions rest on risk scores rather than on how you feel.

“After ablation I can stop the blood thinner.” Sometimes, after review, yes. Often, no. The decision belongs to your treating team and rests on your underlying risk, not on whether AFib is currently showing up on a monitor.

“Medicines are the weak option.” Rate control plus anticoagulation is a complete, evidence-based strategy for many people. Choosing it is not settling.

“My watch has already diagnosed me.” Consumer devices are useful screening tools and can catch episodes doctors would otherwise miss, but they misread noise, tremor and normal extra beats. A medical-grade recording confirms the diagnosis and defines the type.

“I must stop exercising.” For most arrhythmias, appropriate exercise is encouraged once the plan is in place. Ask what is safe for you specifically rather than assuming rest is safer.

“Every palpitation after ablation means failure.” As described above, the blanking period is expected to be bumpy. Record what you feel, report it, and let the team interpret it.

Questions to ask your care team: a checklist to bring with you

Gathered in one place, here are the questions this article has built toward. Print them, cross out the ones that do not apply, and add your own. Most specialists welcome a list; it tells them what you are worried about.

About the diagnosis

• Exactly which arrhythmia do I have, and which type within that category?
• What is most likely driving it, and can that driver be treated?
• What is my stroke risk score, and what contributed to it?
• Is my heart structurally normal on the echocardiogram?
• How urgent is a decision?

About the options

• Which treatments are reasonable for me, and why not the others?
• What is each one trying to achieve: rate, rhythm or clot prevention?
• What happens if I choose to monitor for now?

About a procedure, if one is proposed

• Which technique and energy, and why?
• What are the specific risks, and how are they detected and managed?
• How likely is a repeat procedure for my rhythm type?
• What exactly should I do with my medicines beforehand?

About afterwards

• What will recovery feel like, and what is normal in the blanking period?
• Will I continue anticoagulation, and who reviews that?
• When is follow-up monitoring, and how will I get results?

About communication

• Who do I call with a new symptom, and how quickly can I expect a response?
• Which symptoms mean emergency services rather than the clinic?

End every appointment with the same two questions: “What is the next step?” and “What would change the plan?” Between them, they capture almost everything that matters.

When to call your doctor: red-flag signs during arrhythmia treatment

Most of arrhythmia care happens on a calm timeline. A handful of situations do not, and knowing them in advance removes the paralysis of wondering whether you are overreacting.

Call emergency services immediately for chest pain or pressure lasting more than a few minutes, fainting or near-fainting, severe breathlessness at rest, or any sign of stroke: sudden facial droop, weakness or numbness in an arm or leg, slurred or confused speech, sudden loss of vision or balance. These apply whether or not you have started treatment.

Seek same-day medical attention if a fast or irregular heartbeat persists for hours and does not settle with rest, particularly if accompanied by light-headedness or breathlessness; if you are on a blood thinner and notice black or bloody stools, blood in urine, vomiting blood, or a fall that involved hitting your head; or, after ablation, if the puncture site swells rapidly, bleeds despite firm pressure, becomes hot and red, or you develop fever, chest pain that worsens when lying flat, or pain on swallowing.

Call the clinic within a day or two for new palpitations that are frequent but not disabling, side effects you suspect are from a medicine, unusual bruising, a missed dose you are unsure how to handle, or any new medicine another clinician wants to prescribe that has not been checked against your rhythm treatment.

MedlinePlus and the NHS both emphasize that no one should feel foolish for reporting a symptom that turns out to be benign. Teams would far rather field an unnecessary call than miss a preventable complication.

Keep the clinic’s number, your medicine list and your diagnosis written on a card in your wallet. If you cannot speak for yourself, that card speaks for you.

Frequently asked questions

What should I expect at my first electrophysiologist appointment?

Expect a detailed conversation about your symptoms and triggers, a resting ECG, and possibly a longer rhythm monitor and an echocardiogram to check the heart’s structure. Bring any recordings from a smartwatch or previous monitor, a complete list of medicines and supplements, and a companion if possible. You will usually leave with a testing plan rather than a treatment decision, and it is reasonable to ask how and when results will reach you.

What should you not do before a heart ablation?

Do not change or stop any medicine, especially blood thinners, without written instruction from the team; do not eat or drink past the fasting cutoff you are given; do not conceal supplements or other substances; and do not plan to drive yourself home. Avoid booking travel or heavy physical work in the days afterwards. If you develop a fever or infection beforehand, report it, as postponing may be safer.

How long does it take for the heart to settle after ablation?

Physical recovery is short: Mayo Clinic notes most people resume normal activities within a few days and avoid heavy lifting for about a week. The heart’s electrical healing takes longer. Cleveland Clinic describes a blanking period of roughly three months during which palpitations and even episodes of the original rhythm can occur while scar tissue matures. Lasting benefit is usually judged only after that window has passed.

Why doesn't everyone with AFib get an ablation?

Ablation suits a specific situation: significant symptoms, medicines that have failed or caused side effects, or a preference to avoid long-term antiarrhythmic tablets. People with untreated sleep apnea or blood pressure, markedly enlarged upper chambers, long-standing persistent AFib, or no symptoms on rate control are often steered elsewhere first, because the risk-benefit balance shifts. Ablation also does not remove the need for anticoagulation in those with elevated stroke risk.

Electrophysiologist vs cardiologist: which one do I actually need?

A general cardiologist manages the heart broadly, with a focus on arteries, valves and pumping function. An electrophysiologist specializes in the electrical system and is the person to see for a rhythm disorder that needs precise diagnosis, rhythm medicines requiring specialist oversight, ablation, or a pacemaker or defibrillator. Many people keep both, so ask early who is responsible for which part of your care.

Will I still need blood thinners after ablation?

Often, yes. Anticoagulation decisions in atrial fibrillation rest on your stroke risk score, which reflects age, blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, vascular disease and prior stroke, not on whether AFib is currently detectable. Some people are able to stop after review; many continue. The decision sits with your treating team, and stopping on your own can raise stroke risk. Ask before the procedure what the likely plan is.

What is an electrophysiology study and is it painful?

An electrophysiology study maps the heart’s electrical pathways from the inside using thin wires threaded through a vein, usually in the groin, to find where abnormal signals arise. It is done under sedation or general anesthesia, so most people feel pressure rather than pain, and it is often combined with ablation in the same session. Ask your team which form of sedation they plan and what you will remember.

Can I exercise while being treated for an arrhythmia?

For most arrhythmias, appropriate exercise is encouraged once a treatment plan is in place, and regular activity supports the blood pressure and weight control that help rhythm. Specifics depend on your diagnosis, your medicines and any procedure timing, so ask directly what is safe for you rather than assuming rest is the cautious choice. After ablation, Mayo Clinic advises avoiding heavy lifting for about a week.

What if I decide I do not want an ablation?

Declining ablation is a legitimate choice, and your electrophysiologist should explain plainly what follows: often continued medicine and monitoring, with the option to revisit if symptoms change. For some arrhythmias, delay carries growing risk; for many, it does not. Ask, “If I wait, what happens, and what would change your advice?” A clear answer to that question is part of good consent, whichever way you decide.

How can I make the most of a short appointment?

Write your questions down beforehand and put the most important first. Bring recordings, your medicine list and a companion who can take notes. Ask for the plan in one sentence at the end, plus the two anchoring questions: what is the next step, and what would change it. Request the clinic’s preferred contact route for questions that surface later, because they will.

References

• Cleveland Clinic – Catheter Ablation
• NHS – Atrial fibrillation: Treatment
• NHS – Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
• MedlinePlus – Arrhythmia

This article is for general information only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult a qualified doctor about your individual situation.