Articles on bones, joints and muscles: knee, hip, shoulder and back problems, joint replacement and sports injuries, explained from the first symptom through treatment options to recovery.
Life after shoulder replacement usually means far less pain and a return to most everyday tasks, with reaching, gentle sport and light lifting typically…
Carpal tunnel surgery during pregnancy is rarely performed because the condition is usually driven by pregnancy-related fluid retention and often eases after the birth.…
A private hip replacement in the UK typically costs £11,000–£17,000, while NHS waits for the same operation can stretch well beyond the 18-week referral-to-treatment…
Patients who travel for limb lengthening usually need to stay near the surgical team well beyond the operation itself, because the bone is lengthened…
A cubital tunnel release procedure frees the ulnar nerve where it passes behind the inner elbow. Through an incision along the inside of the…
A walking assessment and weight-bearing X-rays together show how a foot deformity behaves under real load. The walking exam reveals whether the shape is…
Private bunion (hallux valgus) surgery in the UK typically costs £4,200–£8,000 per foot, depending on the technique, type of anaesthesia and hospital location. In…
Returning to sport after a fracture is usually judged on three things together: imaging that shows bridging bone, a pain-free examination of the healed…
After trauma surgery, the complications most worth watching are poor circulation or nerve function in the operated limb, compartment syndrome, surgical site infection, blood…
The clubfoot treatment timeline usually begins in the first one to two weeks of life with the Ponseti method: gentle weekly manipulation and plaster…
To prepare for hip replacement surgery, most people attend a pre-operative assessment a few weeks beforehand that includes blood tests (blood count, kidney function,…
Deformity correction in children and adults differs mainly because children still have open growth plates, the soft cartilage zones near the ends of long…
The Ponseti method usually corrects clubfoot without major surgery. In published series, nearly all babies treated in infancy reach a flat-standing, flexible foot; walking…
Before upper limb surgery, most people have a physical examination with orthopedic special tests, and then targeted investigations chosen for their problem: nerve conduction…
A bulged disc and a slipped disc are not quite the same thing, though the terms overlap in everyday speech. 'Slipped disc' is an…
An autograft is bone taken from your own body; an allograft is sterilized, screened bone from a deceased donor. Autograft contains living cells and…
Age alone rarely rules out joint replacement in older adults. Surgeons assess fitness by reviewing heart and lung function, frailty and muscle strength, nutrition,…
Robotic and conventional hip replacement use the same implants and the same basic operation; the difference lies in planning and execution. Robotic systems build…
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