Yoga for Back Pain: What Trials Show and Which Poses to Avoid

A physical therapist I know keeps a tally on a sticky note by her desk. It counts the number of patients in a week who arrive having tried “the one pose that fixes sciatica” from a short video. By Wednesday she is usually in double digits. That is roughly why yoga for back pain is climbing the search charts again as of September 2026: a wave of clips promising a single stretch will undo years of a stiff, aching lower back, plus a steady stream of listicles ranking twelve poses with no mention of who they suit.

The frustrating part is that the real story is better than the viral one, and more useful. Yoga has been tested in more than twenty randomized trials, pooled by Cochrane in late 2022, and it sits in national guidelines as a first-line non-drug option for chronic low back pain. The honest reading of that research tells you what to expect, which styles were actually studied, and which positions deserve caution.

Here is that reading, graded by how strong the evidence is, with a clear line between what trials show and what remains expert opinion.

What changed recently: the trial and guideline timeline

Nothing about yoga itself changed this year. What changed is how settled the evidence base has become, and how far the online conversation has drifted from it. Three dated milestones explain where the science stands.

In February 2017, the American College of Physicians published a clinical practice guideline that placed yoga alongside exercise therapy, tai chi and spinal manipulation as recommended non-drug options for chronic low back pain. A guideline is a formal, graded set of recommendations written by a professional body after reviewing the evidence, so this was a signal that yoga had moved past the “interesting idea” stage.

In June 2017, a randomized trial led by Robert Saper and published in the Annals of Internal Medicine compared twelve weeks of yoga with physical therapy and with an education booklet in 320 adults, most of them on low incomes, with chronic low back pain. Yoga was non-inferior to physical therapy on both pain and function. “Non-inferior” is a trial term meaning it was not meaningfully worse by a margin set before the study began.

In November 2022, the Cochrane Collaboration, an independent network that pools trials using strict methods, updated its review of yoga for chronic non-specific low back pain. It covered 21 trials and 2,223 participants, mostly in the United States, India and the United Kingdom.

As of September 2026, that Cochrane update remains the most recent large synthesis, and no newer trial has overturned it. The gap that has opened is between its measured conclusions, small-to-moderate benefits with some risk of flare-ups, and the far bolder claims circulating on short-video platforms. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, part of the NIH, summarizes the same picture on its yoga fact sheet.

Does yoga actually help with back pain?

Yes, modestly, and mainly for one specific kind of back pain. Almost every trial recruited adults with chronic non-specific low back pain, which means pain in the lower back lasting at least twelve weeks with no identifiable structural cause such as a fracture, infection or nerve compression. That describes the majority of long-running back pain, so the finding is relevant to a lot of people. It says much less about acute pain in the first days after an injury, or about pain with a known cause.

Compared with no exercise at all, the 2022 Cochrane review found that yoga produced small improvements in back-related function at three and six months, and small improvements in pain at three months, six months and twelve months. The size of the benefit matters. On the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, a standard 24-point scale of how much back pain interferes with daily tasks like putting on socks, yoga moved scores by roughly one to two points more than no exercise. People notice that, but it is not a transformation.

Compared with other forms of exercise, including physiotherapy-led programs and general stretching, the review found little or no difference. One large trial in 2011 found that yoga and conventional stretching classes performed almost identically over six months. In other words, the active ingredient appears to be regular, supervised movement, and yoga is one well-tested way to deliver it.

There is a cost in the other direction. Participants in yoga groups reported more adverse events, nearly all of them temporary increases in back pain, than people who did no exercise. Serious injuries were rare. The practical takeaway is that yoga helps on average, that a sore few days early on is common, and that it earns its place as one option among several rather than as the single best answer.

What the evidence actually says, graded by strength

Evidence is not all equal, and a reader deserves to know which claims rest on randomized trials, which on observational studies, and which on expert opinion. A randomized controlled trial assigns people to treatments by chance, which is the fairest way to test whether something works. An observational study follows people who chose their own path, which can mislead. Expert opinion is exactly that.

The claim that yoga improves function and pain in chronic non-specific low back pain compared with no exercise rests on randomized trials and is graded moderate certainty by Cochrane. Moderate means the reviewers are fairly confident, but future trials could shift the estimate somewhat. The benefit sizes were small, and most trials could not blind participants to what they were doing, which tends to inflate self-reported results.

The claim that yoga works about as well as physical therapy or other exercise is graded low to moderate certainty, supported by the 2017 non-inferiority trial and a handful of comparisons in the Cochrane pool. Fewer studies and more variation in what the comparison groups did explain the lower grade.

The claim that yoga reduces reliance on pain medication is supported by one trial, where both yoga and physical therapy participants were more likely than the education group to report no longer using pain medication at twelve weeks. That is a single study, so it is a promising signal rather than a settled fact, and any change to a prescribed medicine belongs with the prescribing clinician.

The claim that specific poses are dangerous for specific conditions is almost entirely expert opinion drawn from biomechanics and case reports, not from trials. That does not make it wrong. It means the advice is a reasonable precaution rather than a proven rule.

Claims that yoga realigns the spine, releases stored emotional trauma from the hips, or replaces medical assessment have no trial support.

How yoga is thought to work on a sore back

Nobody has fully mapped the mechanism, but several plausible pathways overlap, and the overlap is probably the point.

The first is simple movement. A stiff, guarded back tends to get stiffer when it is protected, and most people with long-running pain move less than they realize. Yoga asks the hips, hamstrings and thoracic spine to go through fuller ranges, which spreads load across more joints instead of concentrating it on the lower lumbar segments. Trunk muscles, including the deep layer that wraps the abdomen like a corset, get repeated low-intensity work in holds such as plank variations and bridge.

The second pathway is the nervous system. Chronic pain often involves central sensitization, which means the spinal cord and brain have turned the volume up on normal signals so that ordinary stretches or loads register as threatening. Slow breathing, attention to sensation and the experience of moving without harm all appear to turn that volume down. This is also why education programs alone help a little: learning that a sore back is usually safe to move changes behavior.

The third is sleep and mood. Back pain and poor sleep feed each other, and trials of yoga in several conditions report modest improvements in sleep quality and anxiety. Better rest lowers pain sensitivity the next day.

Notice what is missing from that list. Yoga does not change the shape of a disc, straighten a spine or lengthen a nerve. Imaging studies of adults without any pain show bulging discs and worn joints in roughly half of people over forty, so structure is a poor guide to symptoms anyway. The gains seen in trials are best explained by a body that moves more and a nervous system that worries less.

Which is the best yoga for back pain?

The best-tested yoga for back pain is slow, modified and taught by someone who adjusts for each person. That is less glamorous than naming a famous style, but it is what the trials used.

Iyengar yoga, which emphasizes precise alignment and uses props such as blocks, belts and chairs, appears in several trials, including a well-known 2009 study in which participants attended twice-weekly classes for 24 weeks. Viniyoga, a style that tailors each practice to the individual and links breath to movement, was the basis of the 2005 and 2011 trials from the Group Health research team in Washington State. The 2017 trial that matched physical therapy used a manualized hatha program, meaning every class followed a written protocol so that results could be reproduced.

What these have in common is more instructive than their names. Each used a limited set of poses, roughly a dozen, repeated over weeks. Each avoided deep backbends, inversions and forced forward folds. Each included relaxation and breathing at the end. Each had instructors trained specifically for people with back pain, and classes small enough that modifications could be offered.

Hot yoga, power yoga and fast-flowing vinyasa classes have not been tested for back pain in trials. They are not necessarily harmful for a fit person with mild symptoms, but there is no evidence to recommend them for this purpose, and the pace leaves little room for the adjustments that seem to matter.

Yin yoga, which holds passive stretches for several minutes, is widely promoted online for the lower back and sciatica. It has not been studied in back-pain trials. Long passive holds in forward flexion are also the kind of position some clinicians ask people with disc-related pain to approach carefully, so it is a reasonable style to discuss with a clinician rather than adopt from a video.

Yoga vs physical therapy, stretching and education: a summary table

Readers often want a single verdict. The fairer answer is a side-by-side view of what each approach showed in trials, with the strength of that evidence attached. The table below condenses the Cochrane 2022 review and the 2017 non-inferiority trial.

Approach	What trials showed for chronic low back pain	Evidence strength
Yoga vs no exercise	Small improvement in function at 3 and 6 months; small pain reduction up to 12 months	Moderate certainty, randomized trials
Yoga vs physical therapy	Similar improvement in pain and function at 12 weeks and 1 year	Low to moderate certainty, one large trial plus smaller studies
Yoga vs stretching classes	Little or no difference over 6 months	Low certainty, mainly one trial
Yoga vs education booklet	Yoga better for function and pain at 12 weeks	Moderate certainty, randomized trials
Adverse events	More temporary back-pain flares with yoga than with no exercise; serious harm rare	Moderate certainty, randomized trials

Two patterns stand out. First, every active, supervised movement program outperformed doing nothing, and the differences between programs were small. Second, the comparison against education alone, the closest thing to a reassurance-only control, consistently favored yoga, which argues that the benefit is more than expectation.

What the table cannot show is preference. Trials report averages, and the person who finds a yoga studio welcoming may stick with it for years, while someone who finds it awkward may thrive in a gym-based program. Adherence predicted outcomes in nearly every study, so the program a person will actually keep doing has a real advantage that averages hide. That is a clinical judgment to make together with a physical therapist or doctor who knows the individual back in question.

The gentle poses most trials actually used

The protocols behind the positive trials look modest, even a little dull, next to the dramatic shapes in online thumbnails. That is a feature. Here are the positions that recur across the studied programs, with what each is meant to do.

• Cat-cow: on hands and knees, alternating a gentle arch and a gentle round of the spine with the breath, to restore comfortable movement through the lumbar and thoracic segments.
• Child’s pose: kneeling and folding forward with arms extended, a resting position that lengthens the back muscles without loading them.
• Knee-to-chest: lying on the back and drawing one or both knees in, a mild stretch for the lower back and gluteal muscles.
• Supine twist: lying on the back with knees dropped to one side, kept small and supported in the trial protocols.
• Bridge: lying on the back and lifting the hips, which works the gluteal and hamstring muscles that share load with the spine.
• Sphinx or low cobra: lying face down and propping on the forearms for a gentle extension, used cautiously and skipped for people who find arching painful.
• Mountain and chair pose: standing postures that train posture and leg strength without bending the spine.
• Modified warrior and triangle: standing poses often done with a hand on a block or chair for support.
• Legs-up-the-wall and savasana: resting positions used for the relaxation and breathing segment that closed nearly every studied class.

Several things are absent on purpose: no headstand, no shoulder stand, no full wheel, no deep seated forward fold with a rounded back. The programs also progressed slowly, adding poses only after earlier ones were comfortable. A person who copies this list at home should expect a little stiffness in the first week or two, which trials show is common and usually settles, and should stop any position that produces sharp pain or pain radiating down a leg.

What are the big 3 for lower back pain, and are they yoga?

Search the phrase “big 3” and you land on a set of three exercises popularized by Stuart McGill, a Canadian spine biomechanics researcher: the modified curl-up, the side plank, and the bird-dog. They are not yoga, but they overlap with it, and they explain why some yoga poses help and others hurt.

McGill’s reasoning rests on spine stability, the idea that the lumbar spine is like a flexible rod held upright by guy wires. The wires are the trunk muscles. If they are weak or poorly timed, small loads can produce large movement at a single joint, which irritates it. The three exercises were chosen because laboratory measurements showed they activate those muscles while keeping compressive load on the spine low and avoiding repeated bending.

The modified curl-up lifts the head and shoulders only slightly with the lower back kept in its natural curve. The side plank trains the lateral trunk muscles, which most people neglect. The bird-dog, on hands and knees extending the opposite arm and leg, trains the back extensors while the spine stays still. Yoga practitioners will recognize the side plank as vasisthasana and the bird-dog as a common hands-and-knees balance.

How strong is the evidence? The biomechanical measurements are real and well documented. Direct randomized trials of the three exercises as a package against other programs are limited, so the specific claim that they beat alternatives is expert opinion backed by mechanism rather than proven. That said, stabilization exercise programs in general have trial support comparable to other exercise for chronic low back pain.

A sensible way to think about it: the big 3 teach the spine to stay still under load, and gentle yoga teaches it to move comfortably through range. Most people with persistent back pain need both, and a physical therapist can help decide which comes first.

Yoga poses to avoid with back pain

This is where honesty matters most, because the advice here is mostly expert opinion, not trial data. No study has randomized people to “risky” and “safe” poses. What exists is biomechanical reasoning, case reports of injuries, and the practical experience of instructors and clinicians. Treat the list as prudent caution.

Plow and shoulder stand load the neck in deep flexion and are the poses most often linked in case reports to neck and upper-back injury. Few back-pain protocols include them.

Full wheel and other deep backbends compress the facet joints at the back of the lumbar spine. People whose pain worsens with arching, a pattern common in spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal) and spondylolisthesis (one vertebra slipped forward on another), often find these aggravating.

Deep seated forward folds with a rounded spine, including a forced paschimottanasana, place the lumbar discs under sustained flexion load. People whose pain worsens with bending, which is typical of disc-related pain and some sciatica, tend to feel worse afterward. Hinging at the hips with a straight back, or bending the knees, changes the load substantially.

Aggressive seated twists combine rotation with flexion, which the spine tolerates least well when it is irritated. Gentle supine twists with the knees supported are a different proposition.

Headstand and other inversions offer no back-pain benefit in any trial and carry a fall risk.

Any pose held through sharp or radiating pain. A stretch sensation in the muscle belly is normal; pain that shoots into the buttock or leg, or tingling in the foot, is a signal to come out.

The pattern behind the list is more useful than the list itself. End-range positions, long passive holds in those positions, and momentum are the three things that tend to provoke a sensitized back. Keep movements mid-range, supported and slow, and most of the risk disappears.

What's the worst thing to do for back pain?

Stay in bed. That answer surprises people who expect a warning about a specific exercise, but it is the one supported by decades of evidence. Early guidance in the twentieth century prescribed days or weeks of bed rest for a bad back. Trials from the 1980s and 1990s then showed that people who rested for several days recovered more slowly, took longer to return to work and reported more pain than those told to stay as active as their symptoms allowed. The NHS, Mayo Clinic and current guidelines all now advise against bed rest beyond a day or two.

The reasons are not mysterious. Muscles lose strength within days of disuse. Joints stiffen. The nervous system, given nothing but pain to attend to, becomes more vigilant. Fear grows, and fear of movement, which researchers call kinesiophobia, is one of the strongest predictors of a short episode turning into a long one.

The runner-up is the opposite mistake: forcing through sharp pain in the belief that more stretching is always better. Trials show that temporary flares after yoga are common, and nearly all were in people who pushed harder than their back tolerated that day.

Third is seeking imaging too early. Scans of people without pain show bulging discs and degenerative changes in a large fraction of adults, and guidelines advise against routine imaging in the first weeks unless red-flag signs are present, because the findings rarely change treatment and often increase worry.

Where does yoga sit in this? Rather well. Its studied form is gentle, regular movement with attention to breath, which is close to the opposite of bed rest and the opposite of heroic stretching. The best thing most people with a sore back can do is keep moving in ways that feel manageable, and gentle yoga is one well-tested way to do that.

How often did trial participants practice, and how long before it helped?

The trial protocols give a realistic sense of commitment, which matters because “a few minutes a day” claims online set people up for disappointment.

Most studies in the Cochrane pool ran classes once or twice a week for between eight and twelve weeks. The 2017 trial that matched physical therapy used one 75-minute class per week for twelve weeks, with participants also asked to practice at home using a video and a manual. The 2009 Iyengar study was more intensive, with two 90-minute classes weekly for 24 weeks. Home practice was encouraged everywhere, and in the studies that measured it, people who practiced at home more often tended to improve more.

Benefit did not appear overnight. The earliest measurement points, usually around six weeks, showed small differences. The clearest advantages over no exercise emerged at twelve weeks and were still present at six months. By twelve months the function benefit had faded in the pooled data, while a small pain benefit persisted, which suggests that stopping the practice means losing part of the gain.

Early soreness was part of the pattern. Cochrane reported that increased back pain was the most common adverse event, affecting a minority of participants, typically in the first weeks, and generally resolving as the program continued. A flare that lasts longer than a few days, or any new leg symptoms, is a reason to pause and check with a clinician rather than push on.

The honest summary: expect a weekly class plus some home practice for about three months before judging whether yoga suits a particular back, and plan to keep some version of it going if it does. That mirrors what the research participants did, and it mirrors the advice given for every other form of exercise therapy.

Common myths about yoga for back pain, corrected

The viral claims mostly fail not because they are entirely wrong but because they overstate something small or ignore who it applies to.

“One pose fixes sciatica.” Sciatica is pain radiating down the leg from irritation of the sciatic nerve, most often at a disc in the lower spine. No trial has tested a single pose for it, and the Cochrane review excluded people with nerve-related pain from most of its studies. Some people find gentle extension or nerve-gliding movements soothing, others find forward folds provoke the leg symptoms, and the only way to know is careful trial under guidance.

“Yoga realigns the spine.” The spine does not go out of alignment in the way the phrase implies, and the small changes in posture seen after stretching do not predict pain relief. Benefits track with movement and nervous-system changes, not with shape.

“If it hurts, it’s working.” Trials show flares are the main adverse event. Mild stretch sensation is expected; sharp or radiating pain is a reason to stop.

“Yoga works better than physical therapy.” The best trial found them equivalent. Pick on preference and access, not on a supposed superiority.

“Hot yoga loosens a stiff back faster.” No back-pain trial has tested heated classes, and heat raises the risk of overstretching tissues that feel more pliable than they are.

“Yin yoga’s long holds are safest because they’re slow.” Slow is not the same as low load. Several-minute passive holds at end range are precisely the positions clinicians ask people with disc-related pain to approach with caution.

“You can skip the doctor if yoga helps.” Improvement is reassuring, but it does not rule out the uncommon causes that need assessment, which is why the red-flag list later in this article matters regardless of how a class feels.

Who should be cautious, and how yoga for lower back pain can be adapted

Trials screened out many groups, so the evidence applies most cleanly to otherwise healthy adults with long-standing, non-specific lower back pain. Several situations call for a conversation with a clinician before, or instead of, a class.

Sciatica or other nerve symptoms. Pain, numbness or weakness running below the knee suggests nerve involvement. Gentle movement is still usually recommended, but which direction of movement helps varies between people, and a physical therapist can identify it quickly. Forward folds and long passive holds are the positions most often adjusted.

Osteoporosis. Thinned bone makes the front of the vertebrae vulnerable to compression fractures, and deep forward bending is the movement most consistently flagged. Case reports describe fractures after loaded flexion in yoga. Extension-based and neutral-spine positions are generally preferred, and anyone with a known low bone density result should have the program reviewed.

Spinal stenosis. Narrowing of the canal often makes arching worse and bending forward better, the mirror image of disc-related pain. Deep backbends are the positions to modify.

Pregnancy. Prenatal yoga has its own evidence base and avoids lying flat on the back after the first trimester, deep twists and inversions. A class designed for pregnancy is the appropriate choice.

Recent spinal surgery or injury. Return to any stretching should follow the surgical team’s timeline, not a video’s.

Inflammatory back pain. Stiffness that is worst in the morning, improves with activity and began before age 45 can signal an inflammatory condition that benefits from diagnosis, not just exercise.

Adaptation in all these cases follows the same logic: shorter ranges, props to bring the floor closer, chairs for standing poses, and a willingness to skip whatever does not feel right that day. Instructors with specific training in back pain, and small classes, were a feature of every positive trial, and they remain the most reliable safeguard.

When to see a doctor about back pain before or during yoga

Most back pain is not dangerous, and the trials discussed here are reassuring about gentle movement. A small number of signs, often called red flags, point to causes that need medical assessment promptly rather than a stretching program. Seek urgent care, the same day, if back pain comes with any of the following.

• New difficulty controlling the bladder or bowel, or numbness around the genitals, inner thighs or buttocks, which can signal pressure on the nerves at the base of the spine and is an emergency.
• Weakness in a leg or foot that is new or worsening, such as a foot that drags or a knee that gives way.
• Back pain after a significant fall, a car accident or, in someone with osteoporosis or on long-term steroid medicines, even a minor stumble.
• Fever, chills or feeling generally unwell alongside back pain, especially after a recent infection or procedure.
• Chest pain, shortness of breath or pain that spreads to the abdomen, which can mean the problem is not the spine at all.

Make a routine appointment, within days to a couple of weeks, if pain is severe and not improving after a few weeks of staying active, if it wakes you at night or is worst lying still, if there is unexplained weight loss, if you have a history of cancer, or if the pain began before age 45 with marked morning stiffness that eases with movement.

During a yoga practice, stop and seek advice if a flare lasts more than a few days, if symptoms spread into a leg for the first time, or if tingling or numbness appears in a foot.

Anyone taking prescribed pain medicines should not change them because a class feels helpful. Decisions about medicines, imaging and whether yoga is an appropriate part of a treatment plan belong with the treating clinician, who can weigh the trial evidence against the specific back, history and goals of the person in front of them.

Frequently asked questions

Does yoga help back pain, or is it just stretching?

Yoga helps modestly, and the best trial comparing it with a stretching class found nearly identical results over six months. Pooled randomized trials show small improvements in pain and daily function versus no exercise, graded moderate certainty by Cochrane in 2022. The active ingredient appears to be regular supervised movement with attention to breath, which yoga delivers in a structured, repeatable way rather than through anything unique to the poses.

Which is the best yoga for back pain?

Slow, modified styles taught by instructors trained for back pain performed best in trials: Iyengar with props, viniyoga tailored to the individual, and manualized hatha programs. Each used roughly a dozen gentle poses and avoided deep backbends, inversions and forced forward folds. Hot, power and fast vinyasa classes have not been tested for back pain, so there is no evidence to recommend them for this purpose.

What are the big 3 for lower back pain?

The big 3 are the modified curl-up, side plank and bird-dog, a set of spine-stabilization exercises popularized by biomechanics researcher Stuart McGill. They train the trunk muscles while keeping compressive load on the spine low. The biomechanical measurements are well documented, but direct trials of the trio against other programs are limited, so the claim that they beat alternatives remains expert opinion backed by mechanism.

What's the worst thing to do for back pain?

Prolonged bed rest. Trials since the 1980s show people who rest for several days recover more slowly and report more pain than those who stay as active as symptoms allow, and current guidelines advise against bed rest beyond a day or two. Pushing through sharp pain and seeking imaging too early without red-flag signs are the next most common mistakes.

Which yoga poses should I avoid with back pain?

Plow and shoulder stand load the neck heavily; full wheel and deep backbends compress the lower spine; forced rounded-back forward folds load the discs; aggressive seated twists combine rotation with flexion. This guidance is expert opinion and biomechanics rather than trial data. The unifying rule is to avoid end-range positions, long passive holds there, and momentum, and to stop any pose that causes sharp or radiating pain.

Is yoga for sciatica safe?

Gentle movement is generally recommended for sciatica, but most back-pain yoga trials excluded people with nerve symptoms, so the evidence is thin. Which direction of movement helps varies: some find forward folds provoke leg pain while mild extension soothes it, others the reverse. A physical therapist can identify the pattern quickly. Any numbness, weakness or new leg symptoms should be assessed before continuing.

How long does it take for yoga to help lower back pain?

In trials, small differences appeared around six weeks and the clearest benefit over no exercise emerged at twelve weeks, persisting to six months. Participants typically attended one or two classes a week plus home practice. Early soreness in the first week or two was common and usually settled. A fair test is about three months of regular practice before judging whether it suits a particular back.

Can yoga replace physical therapy for chronic low back pain?

A 2017 randomized trial of 320 adults found twelve weeks of yoga non-inferior to physical therapy on pain and function, with similar results at one year. That supports choosing between them on preference, access and comfort rather than on superiority. People with nerve symptoms, osteoporosis, recent surgery or other complicating conditions still benefit from an individual assessment, which a physical therapist provides.

Is yin yoga good for lower back pain?

Yin yoga has not been studied in back-pain trials, so there is no evidence for or against it specifically. Its long passive holds, often several minutes in forward flexion, are the kind of positions some clinicians ask people with disc-related pain or osteoporosis to approach cautiously. Slow is not the same as low load. It is a reasonable style to discuss with a clinician rather than adopt from a video.

Can I do yoga for back pain if I have osteoporosis?

Often yes, with modifications, but a clinician should review the program first. Thinned bone makes the front of the vertebrae vulnerable to compression fractures, and case reports describe fractures after loaded forward bending in yoga. Deep forward folds and loaded flexion are the movements most consistently flagged, while neutral-spine and gentle extension positions are generally preferred. Instructors with training in osteoporosis-safe practice are a sensible choice.

References

• Yoga: What You Need To Know (NIH National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health)
• Back pain (NHS)

This article is for general information only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult a qualified doctor about your individual situation.