Articles on general surgery: hernia, gallbladder, appendix and other common operations, including how keyhole surgery works, how to prepare and what recovery usually involves.
Pain that persists or returns months after gallbladder removal is usually not caused by the surgery itself. Common explanations include a stone left behind…
Preparing for liver, pancreas or bile duct surgery usually involves detailed contrast scans to map the anatomy, blood tests and a fitness assessment, and…
Pain after hemorrhoidectomy is expected because the wounds sit in nerve-rich skin at the anal opening, and it usually peaks in the first two…
Fecal incontinence treatment options usually follow a stepped ladder. Most people start with diet changes, fiber adjustment, a regular toilet routine and, where needed,…
Fecal incontinence after childbirth usually happens because delivery stretches or tears the anal sphincter muscles or the nerves that control them, most often after…
Light spotting of bright red blood on toilet paper or streaked on stool is common for a few weeks after a hemorrhoid procedure, especially…
A robotic cholecystectomy procedure removes the gallbladder through a few small abdominal incisions, with the surgeon controlling instrument arms from a console beside the…
No. Minimally invasive, or keyhole, surgery describes how a surgeon reaches the target, through small incisions guided by a camera, not how serious the…
In robotic colorectal surgery, the robot does not operate on its own. It gives the surgeon a magnified, three-dimensional view and small wristed instruments…
A laparoscopic cholecystectomy removes the gallbladder through three or four small cuts in the abdomen instead of one long incision. Under general anesthesia, the…
Achalasia is confirmed when high-resolution esophageal manometry shows that the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax on swallowing and the esophageal body has lost…
Recovery after pancreas surgery usually means about a week or more in the hospital, followed by several weeks of gradual healing at home. Early…
Minimally invasive surgery works by replacing one long incision with a few small ones. Surgeons pass a thin, lighted camera called a laparoscope and…
After robotic gallbladder surgery, most people are encouraged to walk within hours, shower from the day after surgery once the team confirms the dressings…
POEM and laparoscopic Heller myotomy both cut the tight muscle ring at the bottom of the esophagus to relieve achalasia, and a randomized trial…
Laparoscopic and robotic surgery are both minimally invasive: the operation happens through several small cuts using a camera and long instruments. In laparoscopy the…
Preparing for robotic hernia surgery usually means a pre-assessment visit, a written plan for any blood thinners from the prescriber, stopping food about six…
After keyhole (laparoscopic) gallbladder removal, most people walk within hours, eat light meals the same or next day, drive after about a week once…
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