463 plain-language articles across 34 topics — symptoms explained, nutrition, lab results, medical technology and everyday wellbeing — written by Dr. Şule Eren, published daily by the group behind 45 hospitals and clinics in Türkiye, Bulgaria, Serbia, Netherlands and North Macedonia. For clinical guidance on a condition or procedure, see the Health Library.
Most brain surgery is done under general anesthesia, so the patient is asleep throughout. For a minority of operations, surgeons keep the patient awake…
The main types of spine surgery are discectomy (removing part of a herniated disc pressing on a nerve), laminectomy and related decompression procedures (creating…
Most brain operations that open the skull, known as craniotomies, take roughly three to five hours in the operating room, though the whole day,…
Spine surgery recovery time depends mostly on the procedure. After a decompression such as a diskectomy or laminectomy, most people walk within a day,…
Open brain surgery, usually called a craniotomy, is an operation in which a surgeon temporarily removes a section of skull to reach the brain…
A gamma knife procedure is a form of stereotactic radiosurgery that treats brain tumors, blood vessel malformations and some nerve disorders with about 200…
Brain surgery recovery usually means a hospital stay of a few days to about a week, followed by six to twelve weeks of gradually…
Laser spine surgery is a marketing term more than a distinct operation. In practice it usually describes a minimally invasive procedure, such as a…
After brain surgery, most people can expect a short stay under close monitoring, headaches and incision soreness, marked fatigue, swelling or bruising around the…
A neurosurgeon is a surgeon who diagnoses and treats conditions of the brain, spinal cord, spine and peripheral nerves, including herniated discs, spinal stenosis,…
A neurologist is a physician who diagnoses and manages conditions of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles without operating, using examination, imaging, nerve…
Roughly half of people who have a ruptured brain aneurysm do not survive, according to figures quoted by Cleveland Clinic and the NHS; NHS…
A neurosurgeon is a physician who diagnoses and surgically treats conditions of the brain, spinal cord, spine and peripheral nerves, including herniated disks, spinal…
No one can guarantee a brain aneurysm will never form, because age, sex and inherited vessel weaknesses are outside anyone's control. What the evidence…
Survival after a brain aneurysm depends almost entirely on whether it has ruptured. Most unruptured aneurysms never bleed; small ones in the front of…
Most brain aneurysms cause no symptoms until they leak or rupture. The hallmark sign of a rupture is a sudden, explosive headache that peaks…
Brain aneurysms form when a weak spot in an artery wall, often where vessels branch, balloons outward under years of blood pressure. Most develop…
Life expectancy after brain tumor surgery varies enormously because it depends far more on the tumor than on the operation. Many people with a…
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